High Salinity Stimulates the Adaptive Response to Potassium Deficiency Through the Antioxidant and the NADPH-Generating Systems in the Roots and Leaves of the Halophyte Cakile maritima

Abstract Salinity is one of the most constraining environmental factors that limits plant growth and productivity because it disturbs mineral nutrition by triggering interactions at interface soil roots. It implies a notable competition between sodium (Na + ) potassium (K ), with this last being key nutrient for plants. Using halophyte Cakile maritima as model grown in hydroponic conditions, study was aimed to analyze how simultaneous stressful conditions high salinity (400 mM NaCl) K deficiency (0 mM) 15 days affect growth, ion balance, antioxidant NADPH-generating systems. Among parameters analyzed, remarkable changes were observed leaves, drastic increases Na /K , /Ca 2+ /Mg ratios, an enhanced accumulation anthocyanins, induction 3 new copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) isozymes plants simultaneously exposed both stresses. Taken together, data revealed combination both, deficiency, caused oxidative stress modulated whole antioxidative response C. leaves Besides differential underwent organs, considering different analyzed under these traits effect stresses seems be not additive appears improve behavior manifested glycophyte species. together our support that, extreme lead excess ROS production, several CuZn-SODs may outstanding strategies adaptation species survive.